Volume 13
An Analysis of Educational Designs in Intangible Cultural Heritage Programmes: the Case of Spain
Liquid Gold: Berber Women and the Argan Oil Co-operatives in Morocco
Disappearing Dialect: the Idu-Mishmi Language of Arunachal Pradesh(India)
The argan tree grows mostly in Morocco. Its fruit is an oval berry, the shape of a large and round olive.
From left to right: dried argan fruits, pits and kernels.
Oil extraction machines produce argan oil efficiently.
Argan trees are frequently climbed on by goats.
The bed stone remains stationary when the runner stone rotates, and through the ‘eye’ in the runner stone, the kernels are funneled down and ground.
Argan oil soaps and moisturisers are popular souvenirs for tourists.
Pressing is consistently kneading the dough until the emulsion separates from the solid dough. The emulsion is then decanted and filtered
A millstone comprises a runner stone lodged on top of a bed stone, but millstones for dried goods (first from the left) or for argan oil are shaped slightly different.
Pits have to be cracked open with a hammer stone to retrieve the kernels inside.
A pounder and an anvil are needed for de-pulping.
Berber women milling, pit-cracking and pressing are depicted on a cooperative’s wall.
The skulls of sacrificed mithuns are hung on the walls of houses to demonstrate the wealth of the household.
An Idu woman at her loom.
Idu children in traditional dress.
Pachu Pulu, an igu (priest) conducting a ritual during the Reh festival in February 2014.